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Compendium
🚫 Compendium Grammar ES

Español — Zero article

Spanish drops the article in several fixed contexts. You say soy profesor and tengo hambre, never soy un profesor or tengo un hambre.

1

How it works

✓ Rule

Use no article after ser with an unmodified profession, nationality or religion (es médico, soy español), after tener with a noun naming a quality or state (tener hambre, tener coche), after the prepositions con and sin (café con leche, sin dinero), before generic plurals in object function (venden flores), and in fixed quantity phrases like cierta importancia.

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Examples

Contexts with no article
Context Example Meaning
ser + profession Marta es profesora. Marta is a teacher.
ser + nationality Son mexicanos. They are Mexican.
tener + noun Tengo hambre y sueño. I am hungry and sleepy.
con / sin café con leche, sin azúcar coffee with milk, without sugar
Generic plural Aquí venden flores. They sell flowers here.
cierto/-a quantity con cierta importancia with a certain importance
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Good to know

⚠ Note

The article comes back as soon as the profession is modified: es médico but es un médico excelente. Likewise soy profesor, but soy un profesor de música con veinte años de experiencia.

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