English — plural nouns

Mostly you just add -s. A few spelling rules and a handful of irregulars cover the rest.

How it works

✓ Rule

Add -s: book → books. Add -es after -s, -x, -ch, -sh: box → boxes. A consonant + y becomes -ies: city → cities (but boy → boys).

Examples

singular → plural
Singular	Plural
book	books
box	boxes
city	cities
man	men
child	children
fish	fish

Good to know

⚠ Note

Learn the common irregulars: man → men, woman → women, child → children, foot → feet, tooth → teeth, mouse → mice, person → people. Some don't change (sheep, fish, series); many -f/-fe → -ves (knife → knives).

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