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🔗 Compendium Grammar DE

Deutsch — Coordinating conjunctions

The conjunctions und, oder, aber, denn and sondern link two main clauses without changing word order. They stand in "position 0", before the first element of the next clause, and the verb stays in its normal second position.

1

How it works

✓ Rule

After und, oder, aber, denn or sondern the second clause keeps normal main-clause order (subject – verb): Ich lese und ich schreibe. Es ist klein, aber es ist schön. These words are not counted as a sentence position, so the finite verb of the second clause still comes right after its subject.

2

Examples

The five position-0 conjunctions
Conjunction Meaning Example
und and Ich lese und ich schreibe.
oder or Kommst du oder bleibst du?
aber but Es ist klein, aber es ist schön.
denn because, for Ich bleibe zu Hause, denn ich bin müde.
sondern but rather (after a negation) Das ist nicht Tee, sondern Kaffee.
3

Good to know

⚠ Note

Use sondern, not aber, when the first clause is negated (nicht / kein) and the second corrects it: Das ist nicht Tee, sondern Kaffee. Choose aber only for a plain contrast without a preceding negation: Es ist klein, aber schön. Note too that denn (for) is not the same as weil (because), which sends the verb to the end.

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