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Verb Conjugations
Verb

dürfen

to be allowed to, may

Auxiliary: haben

dürfen is a modal verb (Modalverb). In compound tenses without a dependent infinitive, its past participle is 'gedurft'; when used with a dependent infinitive, the double-infinitive construction is used (e.g. 'hat … dürfen').

Hier darf man nicht rauchen.

One is not allowed to smoke here.

Indikativ

Präsens

Present

ich darf
I am allowed to / I may

Heute darf ich ausnahmsweise länger aufbleiben.

Today I am allowed to stay up longer for once.

du darfst
you are allowed to / you may

Du darfst hier leider nicht parken.

Unfortunately you are not allowed to park here.

er/sie/es darf
he/she/it is allowed to / may

Das Kind darf noch ein Eis essen.

The child is allowed to have one more ice cream.

wir dürfen
we are allowed to / we may

Wir dürfen den Raum jederzeit benutzen.

We are allowed to use the room at any time.

ihr dürft
you (pl.) are allowed to / may

Ihr dürft euch gern hier hinsetzen.

You are welcome to sit down here.

sie/Sie dürfen
they/you (formal) are allowed to / may

Sie dürfen den frisch gesäten Rasen nicht betreten.

You are not allowed to walk on the freshly sown lawn.

Präteritum

Simple Past

ich durfte
I was allowed to

Als Kind durfte ich nie lange fernsehen.

As a child I was never allowed to watch TV for long.

du durftest
you were allowed to

Du durftest gestern mit ins Kino.

You were allowed to come to the cinema yesterday.

er/sie/es durfte
he/she/it was allowed to

Er durfte den Wagen seines Vaters fahren.

He was allowed to drive his father's car.

wir durften
we were allowed to

Wir durften an dem Abend bis Mitternacht bleiben.

That evening we were allowed to stay until midnight.

ihr durftet
you (pl.) were allowed to

Ihr durftet die Ausstellung kostenlos besuchen.

You were allowed to visit the exhibition for free.

sie/Sie durften
they/you (formal) were allowed to

Die Schüler durften heute früher nach Hause.

The pupils were allowed to go home earlier today.

Perfekt

Present Perfect

ich habe gedurft
I have been allowed to

Das habe ich als Kind leider nie gedurft.

As a child I unfortunately was never allowed to do that.

du hast gedurft
you have been allowed to

Du hast früher deutlich mehr gedurft.

You used to be allowed much more.

er/sie/es hat gedurft
he/she/it has been allowed to

Sie hat das leider nicht gedurft.

Unfortunately she was not allowed to.

wir haben gedurft
we have been allowed to

Wir haben es damals einfach nicht gedurft.

Back then we simply were not allowed to.

ihr habt gedurft
you (pl.) have been allowed to

Ihr habt schon immer mehr gedurft als wir.

You have always been allowed more than us.

sie/Sie haben gedurft
they/you (formal) have been allowed to

So etwas haben die Kinder nie gedurft.

The children were never allowed anything like that.

Plusquamperfekt

Past Perfect

ich hatte gedurft
I had been allowed to

Ich hatte das vorher noch nie gedurft.

I had never been allowed to do that before.

du hattest gedurft
you had been allowed to

Du hattest damals viel mehr gedurft.

Back then you had been allowed much more.

er/sie/es hatte gedurft
he/she/it had been allowed to

Ohne Erlaubnis hatte er es nicht gedurft.

Without permission he had not been allowed to.

wir hatten gedurft
we had been allowed to

Wir hatten es ohne Rücksprache nicht gedurft.

We had not been allowed to without consultation.

ihr hattet gedurft
you (pl.) had been allowed to

Ihr hattet als Kinder weniger gedurft.

As children you had been allowed less.

sie/Sie hatten gedurft
they/you (formal) had been allowed to

Die Gäste hatten das eigentlich nicht gedurft.

The guests had actually not been allowed to.

Futur I

Future I

ich werde dürfen
I will be allowed to

Bald werde ich selbst wählen dürfen.

Soon I will be allowed to vote myself.

du wirst dürfen
you will be allowed to

Du wirst das Auto am Wochenende fahren dürfen.

You will be allowed to drive the car at the weekend.

er/sie/es wird dürfen
he/she/it will be allowed to

Er wird die Prüfung nächstes Jahr wiederholen dürfen.

He will be allowed to retake the exam next year.

wir werden dürfen
we will be allowed to

Wir werden den neuen Bereich bald betreten dürfen.

We will soon be allowed to enter the new area.

ihr werdet dürfen
you (pl.) will be allowed to

Ihr werdet die Maschine bald selbst bedienen dürfen.

You will soon be allowed to operate the machine yourselves.

sie/Sie werden dürfen
they/you (formal) will be allowed to

Die Mitglieder werden künftig kostenlos parken dürfen.

Members will be allowed to park for free from now on.

Futur II

Future II

ich werde gedurft haben
I will have been allowed to

Bis dahin werde ich alles Nötige gedurft haben.

By then I will have been allowed everything necessary.

du wirst gedurft haben
you will have been allowed to

Du wirst bis dahin schon genug gedurft haben.

By then you will already have been allowed enough.

er/sie/es wird gedurft haben
he/she/it will have been allowed to

Er wird es am Ende doch gedurft haben.

In the end he will have been allowed to after all.

wir werden gedurft haben
we will have been allowed to

Wir werden bis dahin schon einiges gedurft haben.

By then we will already have been allowed a few things.

ihr werdet gedurft haben
you (pl.) will have been allowed to

Ihr werdet bis dahin mehr gedurft haben als erwartet.

By then you will have been allowed more than expected.

sie/Sie werden gedurft haben
they/you (formal) will have been allowed to

Sie werden es vermutlich schon immer gedurft haben.

They will presumably always have been allowed to.

Konjunktiv I

Konjunktiv I Präsens

Present

ich dürfe
(that) I be allowed to

Er sagt, ich dürfe jederzeit vorbeikommen.

He says that I may come by at any time.

du dürfest
(that) you be allowed to

Man sagt, du dürfest hier fotografieren.

They say that you may take photos here.

er/sie/es dürfe
(that) he/she/it be allowed to

Sie meint, er dürfe das Auto ruhig benutzen.

She thinks that he may use the car.

wir dürfen
(that) we be allowed to

Er sagt, wir dürfen die Bibliothek frei nutzen.

He says that we may use the library freely.

ihr dürfet
(that) you (pl.) be allowed to

Er sagt, ihr dürfet heute früher gehen.

He says that you may leave earlier today.

sie/Sie dürfen
(that) they/you (formal) be allowed to

Man sagt, sie dürfen den Garten mitbenutzen.

They say that they may share the use of the garden.

Konjunktiv I Vergangenheit

Past

ich habe gedurft
(that) I have been allowed to

Er sagt, ich habe das damals nicht gedurft.

He says that I was not allowed to at the time.

du habest gedurft
(that) you have been allowed to

Sie meint, du habest damals fast alles gedurft.

She thinks that you were allowed almost everything back then.

er/sie/es habe gedurft
(that) he/she/it have been allowed to

Man sagt, er habe es nie richtig gedurft.

They say that he was never really allowed to.

wir haben gedurft
(that) we have been allowed to

Er behauptet, wir haben viel zu viel gedurft.

He claims that we were allowed far too much.

ihr habet gedurft
(that) you (pl.) have been allowed to

Sie sagt, ihr habet damals mehr gedurft.

She says that you were allowed more back then.

sie/Sie haben gedurft
(that) they/you (formal) have been allowed to

Man sagt, sie haben das nie gedurft.

They say that they were never allowed to.

Konjunktiv II

Konjunktiv II Präteritum

Present Conditional

ich dürfte
I would be allowed to / I might

Dürfte ich Sie kurz etwas fragen?

Might I ask you something briefly?

du dürftest
you would be allowed to / you might

Du dürftest eigentlich schon nach Hause gehen.

You would actually be allowed to go home already.

er/sie/es dürfte
he/she/it would be allowed to / might

Er dürfte inzwischen schon zu Hause sein.

He might well be home by now.

wir dürften
we would be allowed to / we might

Wir dürften bald eine Antwort bekommen.

We might get an answer soon.

ihr dürftet
you (pl.) would be allowed to / might

Ihr dürftet euch ruhig etwas ausruhen.

You could well take a little rest.

sie/Sie dürften
they/you (formal) would be allowed to / might

Dürften Sie mir kurz behilflich sein?

Might you be able to help me for a moment?

Konjunktiv II Plusquamperfekt

Past Conditional

ich hätte gedurft
I would have been allowed to

Da hätte ich eigentlich gar nicht hineingehen dürfen.

I actually would not have been allowed to go in there at all.

du hättest gedurft
you would have been allowed to

Du hättest das niemals sagen dürfen.

You should never have been allowed to say that.

er/sie/es hätte gedurft
he/she/it would have been allowed to

Ohne Ticket hätte er gar nicht einsteigen dürfen.

Without a ticket he would not have been allowed to board at all.

wir hätten gedurft
we would have been allowed to

Dort hätten wir eigentlich nicht parken dürfen.

We actually would not have been allowed to park there.

ihr hättet gedurft
you (pl.) would have been allowed to

Ohne Erlaubnis hättet ihr das nicht tun dürfen.

Without permission you would not have been allowed to do that.

sie/Sie hätten gedurft
they/you (formal) would have been allowed to

Den Bereich hätten sie gar nicht betreten dürfen.

They would not have been allowed to enter the area at all.

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