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Verb Conjugations
Verb

esperar

to wait/hope/expect

'Esperar' is a regular -ar verb meaning 'to wait', 'to hope', and 'to expect'. In its 'hope/expect' sense it usually triggers the subjunctive in the subordinate clause.

Espero el autobús.

I'm waiting for the bus.

Indicativo

Presente

Present

yo espero
I wait/hope

Espero el autobús cada mañana.

I wait for the bus every morning.

tú esperas
you wait/hope

¿A quién esperas aquí?

Who are you waiting for here?

él/ella/usted espera
he/she waits/hopes

Ella espera una respuesta pronto.

She hopes for an answer soon.

nosotros esperamos
we wait/hope

Esperamos a que pare la lluvia.

We are waiting for the rain to stop.

vosotros esperáis
you (all) wait/hope

¿Esperáis buenas noticias?

Are you hoping for good news?

ellos/ellas/ustedes esperan
they wait/hope

Los pasajeros esperan en el andén.

The passengers are waiting on the platform.

Pretérito Imperfecto

Imperfect

yo esperaba
I used to wait

De pequeño esperaba las cartas de mi abuela.

As a child I used to wait for my grandmother's letters.

tú esperabas
you used to wait

Siempre esperabas hasta el último momento.

You always used to wait until the last moment.

él/ella/usted esperaba
he/she used to wait

Nadie sabía qué esperaba él.

Nobody knew what he was hoping for.

nosotros esperábamos
we used to wait

Esperábamos el verano con ilusión.

We used to look forward to summer.

vosotros esperabais
you (all) used to wait

Vosotros esperabais demasiado de él.

You used to expect too much of him.

ellos/ellas/ustedes esperaban
they used to wait

Los niños esperaban a Papá Noel.

The children used to wait for Santa Claus.

Pretérito Indefinido

Preterite

yo esperé
I waited

Ayer te esperé una hora entera.

Yesterday I waited a whole hour for you.

tú esperaste
you waited

¿Cuánto tiempo esperaste?

How long did you wait?

él/ella/usted esperó
he/she waited

María esperó en vano toda la tarde.

María waited in vain all afternoon.

nosotros esperamos
we waited

Esperamos hasta que abrieron la puerta.

We waited until they opened the door.

vosotros esperasteis
you (all) waited

¿Por qué no me esperasteis?

Why didn't you wait for me?

ellos/ellas/ustedes esperaron
they waited

Los invitados esperaron pacientemente.

The guests waited patiently.

Pretérito Perfecto Compuesto

Present Perfect

yo he esperado
I have waited

He esperado este momento toda mi vida.

I have waited for this moment all my life.

tú has esperado
you have waited

¿Has esperado mucho?

Have you waited long?

él/ella/usted ha esperado
he/she has waited

Ella ha esperado tu llamada todo el día.

She has waited for your call all day.

nosotros hemos esperado
we have waited

Hemos esperado demasiado ya.

We have already waited too long.

vosotros habéis esperado
you (all) have waited

¿Cuánto habéis esperado el tren?

How long have you waited for the train?

ellos/ellas/ustedes han esperado
they have waited

Los clientes han esperado sin quejarse.

The customers have waited without complaining.

Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto

Pluperfect

yo había esperado
I had waited

Ya había esperado bastante cuando apareciste.

I had already waited enough when you appeared.

tú habías esperado
you had waited

Dijiste que habías esperado en la esquina.

You said you had waited on the corner.

él/ella/usted había esperado
he/she had waited

Él había esperado ese ascenso durante años.

He had waited for that promotion for years.

nosotros habíamos esperado
we had waited

Habíamos esperado media hora antes de irnos.

We had waited half an hour before leaving.

vosotros habíais esperado
you (all) had waited

No sabía que habíais esperado tanto.

I didn't know you had waited so long.

ellos/ellas/ustedes habían esperado
they had waited

Los fans habían esperado desde la madrugada.

The fans had waited since dawn.

Futuro Simple

Future

yo esperaré
I will wait

Te esperaré en la entrada.

I will wait for you at the entrance.

tú esperarás
you will wait

¿Me esperarás después de clase?

Will you wait for me after class?

él/ella/usted esperará
he/she will wait

El taxi esperará abajo.

The taxi will wait downstairs.

nosotros esperaremos
we will wait

Esperaremos a que llegues.

We will wait for you to arrive.

vosotros esperaréis
you (all) will wait

¿Esperaréis hasta el final?

Will you wait until the end?

ellos/ellas/ustedes esperarán
they will wait

Los demás esperarán fuera.

The others will wait outside.

Futuro Compuesto

Future Perfect

yo habré esperado
I will have waited

Para las seis ya te habré esperado dos horas.

By six I will have waited two hours for you.

tú habrás esperado
you will have waited

Cuando llegue, ya habrás esperado bastante.

When I arrive, you will have already waited enough.

él/ella/usted habrá esperado
he/she will have waited

Seguro que habrá esperado en vano.

He will surely have waited in vain.

nosotros habremos esperado
we will have waited

Para entonces habremos esperado toda la mañana.

By then we will have waited all morning.

vosotros habréis esperado
you (all) will have waited

Cuando vuelva, ya habréis esperado bastante.

When I return, you will have already waited enough.

ellos/ellas/ustedes habrán esperado
they will have waited

Los clientes habrán esperado demasiado.

The customers will have waited too long.

Condicional

Condicional Simple

Conditional

yo esperaría
I would wait

Yo esperaría un poco más.

I would wait a little longer.

tú esperarías
you would wait

¿Esperarías por mí?

Would you wait for me?

él/ella/usted esperaría
he/she would wait

Ella esperaría toda la noche si hiciera falta.

She would wait all night if necessary.

nosotros esperaríamos
we would wait

Esperaríamos con gusto tu regreso.

We would gladly wait for your return.

vosotros esperaríais
you (all) would wait

¿Cuánto esperaríais por una entrada?

How long would you wait for a ticket?

ellos/ellas/ustedes esperarían
they would wait

Ellos esperarían horas por ese concierto.

They would wait hours for that concert.

Condicional Compuesto

Conditional Perfect

yo habría esperado
I would have waited

Habría esperado más, pero me cansé.

I would have waited longer, but I got tired.

tú habrías esperado
you would have waited

¿Habrías esperado en mi lugar?

Would you have waited in my place?

él/ella/usted habría esperado
he/she would have waited

Él habría esperado si lo hubieras pedido.

He would have waited if you had asked.

nosotros habríamos esperado
we would have waited

Habríamos esperado el desenlace con gusto.

We would have gladly waited for the ending.

vosotros habríais esperado
you (all) would have waited

Vosotros habríais esperado sin protestar.

You would have waited without protesting.

ellos/ellas/ustedes habrían esperado
they would have waited

Los fans habrían esperado bajo la lluvia.

The fans would have waited in the rain.

Subjuntivo

Presente de Subjuntivo

Present Subjunctive

yo espere
(that) I wait

No creo que espere mucho más.

I don't think I'll wait much longer.

tú esperes
(that) you wait

Quiero que me esperes en la puerta.

I want you to wait for me at the door.

él/ella/usted espere
(that) he/she wait

Dile que espere un momento.

Tell him to wait a moment.

nosotros esperemos
(that) we wait

Es mejor que esperemos aquí.

It's better that we wait here.

vosotros esperéis
(that) you (all) wait

Prefiero que esperéis fuera.

I prefer that you wait outside.

ellos/ellas/ustedes esperen
(that) they wait

Pídeles que esperen su turno.

Ask them to wait their turn.

Pretérito Imperfecto de Subjuntivo

Imperfect Subjunctive

yo esperara / esperase
(that) I waited

Me pidió que esperara fuera.

He asked me to wait outside.

tú esperaras / esperases
(that) you waited

Sería mejor que esperaras un poco.

It would be better if you waited a bit.

él/ella/usted esperara / esperase
(that) he/she waited

No esperaba que ella esperara tanto.

I didn't expect her to wait so long.

nosotros esperáramos / esperásemos
(that) we waited

Nos rogaron que esperáramos la señal.

They begged us to wait for the signal.

vosotros esperarais / esperaseis
(that) you (all) waited

Querían que esperarais un momento.

They wanted you to wait a moment.

ellos/ellas/ustedes esperaran / esperasen
(that) they waited

Ordené que esperaran en la sala.

I ordered them to wait in the hall.

Pretérito Perfecto de Subjuntivo

Present Perfect Subjunctive

yo haya esperado
(that) I have waited

Me alegro de que haya esperado.

I'm glad I have waited.

tú hayas esperado
(that) you have waited

Ojalá hayas esperado a los demás.

I hope you have waited for the others.

él/ella/usted haya esperado
(that) he/she has waited

Dudo que haya esperado tanto tiempo.

I doubt he has waited so long.

nosotros hayamos esperado
(that) we have waited

Es raro que hayamos esperado en vano.

It's strange that we have waited in vain.

vosotros hayáis esperado
(that) you (all) have waited

Me alegra que hayáis esperado juntos.

I'm glad you have waited together.

ellos/ellas/ustedes hayan esperado
(that) they have waited

No creo que hayan esperado mucho.

I don't think they have waited long.

Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto de Subjuntivo

Pluperfect Subjunctive

yo hubiera / hubiese esperado
(that) I had waited

Si hubiera esperado, lo habría visto.

If I had waited, I would have seen him.

tú hubieras / hubieses esperado
(that) you had waited

Ojalá hubieras esperado un poco más.

I wish you had waited a little longer.

él/ella/usted hubiera / hubiese esperado
(that) he/she had waited

Si él hubiera esperado, todo sería distinto.

If he had waited, everything would be different.

nosotros hubiéramos / hubiésemos esperado
(that) we had waited

Si hubiéramos esperado, no lo habríamos perdido.

If we had waited, we wouldn't have missed it.

vosotros hubierais / hubieseis esperado
(that) you (all) had waited

Si hubierais esperado, os habría acompañado.

If you had waited, I would have joined you.

ellos/ellas/ustedes hubieran / hubiesen esperado
(that) they had waited

Ojalá hubieran esperado la respuesta.

I wish they had waited for the answer.

Imperativo

Imperativo Afirmativo

Imperative

tú espera
wait!

¡Espera un momento!

Wait a moment!

él/ella/usted espere
wait! (formal)

Espere aquí, por favor.

Please wait here.

nosotros esperemos
let's wait!

Esperemos a que amaine.

Let's wait for it to calm down.

vosotros esperad
wait! (plural)

¡Esperad, ya voy!

Wait, I'm coming!

ellos/ellas/ustedes esperen
wait! (formal plural)

Esperen su turno, por favor.

Please wait your turn.

Imperativo Negativo

Negative Imperative

tú no esperes
don't wait!

No esperes más, decídete.

Don't wait any longer, make up your mind.

él/ella/usted no espere
don't wait! (formal)

No espere hasta el último día.

Don't wait until the last day.

nosotros no esperemos
let's not wait!

No esperemos a nadie más.

Let's not wait for anyone else.

vosotros no esperéis
don't wait! (plural)

No esperéis a que sea tarde.

Don't wait until it's late.

ellos/ellas/ustedes no esperen
don't wait! (formal plural)

No esperen bajo la lluvia.

Don't wait in the rain.

Formas no personales

Infinitivo

Infinitive

— esperar
to wait/hope

Odio esperar en las colas.

I hate waiting in queues.

— (compuesto) haber esperado
to have waited

Se alegra de haber esperado.

She is glad to have waited.

Gerundio

Gerund

— esperando
waiting

Pasé la tarde esperando noticias.

I spent the afternoon waiting for news.

— (compuesto) habiendo esperado
having waited

Habiendo esperado tanto, ya no le importaba.

Having waited so long, he no longer cared.

Participio

Participle

— esperado
waited/expected

El resultado esperado no llegó.

The expected result didn't come.

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